Pesquisa | SciELO

RESUMEN El bienestar de los animales terrestres describe las expectativas de la sociedad sobre las condiciones que los animales deberían experimentar cuando están bajo el control humano. Estos principios incluyen que los animales deben estar libres de dolor, lesiones y enfermedades. La inflamación es el mecanismo de defensa de un huésped contra una infección bacteriana o viral, o una lesión física o química al huésped. Los metabolitos secundarios de las plantas son una alternativa eficaz para el tratamiento de enfermedades inflamatorias. El propósito de esta investigación fue evaluar la capacidad antiinflamatoria de un extracto hidroalcohólico de hojas de Salix babylonica (HESB) empleando el modelo de edema auricular inducido por TPA en ratones. El HESB mostró una buena actividad antiinflamatoria sin diferencia estadística significativa con el fármaco de referencia, indometacina. Por este motivo, se realizó una bipartición de HESB, obteniendo una fracción acuosa (AFSB) con actividad farmacológica leve (30.64 ± 3.03 %) y una fracción orgánica (EAFSB) que mostró el mejor efecto antiinflamatorio (67.08 ± 7.15 %). Anteriormente, identificamos los flavonoides antiinflamatorios luteolina y luteolosido como los componentes principales de EAFSB, por lo que el efecto antiinflamatorio de Salix babylonica puede ser atribuido a estos compuestos. Además, el análisis histopatológico mostró que las orejas de los ratones tratados con Salix babylonica suprimieron la infiltración de neutrófilos en el sitio de inflamación. Estos resultados apoyan el uso etnomédico de esta planta y evidencian el posible uso de Salix babylonica en el tratamiento del proceso inflamatorio en animales.

ABSTRACT The wellbeing of terrestrial animals describes society’s expectations for the conditions animals should experience when under human control. These principles include that animals must be free from pain, injury and disease. Inflammation is a host’s defensive mechanism against bacterial or viral infection and physical or chemical stimulus to the host. Metabolites from plants are an efficient alternative for treatment of inflammatory diseases. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory capacity of a hydro-alcoholic extract from Salix babylonica leaves (HESB) employing the auricular edema induced by the TPA model in mice. The HESB showed good anti-inflammatory activity without significant difference from the reference drug, indomethacin. For this reason, a bipartition of HESB was conducted, obtaining an aqueous fraction (AFSB) with slight activity (30.64 ± 3.03 %) and an organic fraction (EAFSB), which showed the best anti-inflammatory effect (67.08 ± 7.15 %). Previously, we identified anti-inflammatory flavonoids luteolin and luteoloside as the major components of EAFSB. In addition, histopathological analysis showed that mouse ears treated with Salix babylonica suppressed neutrophil infiltration into the inflammation site. These results support the ethno-medical use of this plant and evidenced that Salix babylonica’s applicability and value as an anti-inflammatory treatment for animals.

https://doi.org/10.21929/abavet2023.9

Educación en geriatría en México: revisión del escenario educativo actual en médicos en formación (EDUREV)
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Gómez-Moreno, Carolina

; Pérez-Méndez, Ayari

; Hernández-Murillo, Ana María

; Ortega-Ortiz, Corina

; Cortés-Hernández, Nancy Cecilia

; Ávila-Funes, José Alberto

; Gutiérrez-Cirlos, Carlos

Investigación en educación médica

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Dez 2023, Volume 12 Nº 48 Páginas 18 - 29

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción En México existe una cantidad inadecuada de profesionales en salud con una buena capacidad de atención de las personas mayores. Uno de los factores modificables para mejorar esta situación, son las intervenciones educativas que puedan implementarse en etapas formativas, sin embargo, no existe información actualizada de la enseñanza de geriatría en medicina en México. Objetivo Revisar y registrar si existe la materia de geriatría en los programas educativos de medicina en universidades mexicanas y describir las características de la misma, para elaborar un reporte actualizado de la enseñanza de geriatría en México. Método Estudio descriptivo de muestreo por conveniencia. Se realizó una encuesta a las escuelas y facultades de medicina certificadas por el Consejo Mexicano para la Acreditación de la Educación Médica (COMAEM), mediante un formato virtual. La información que no se respondió directamente por las escuelas, se obtuvo a partir de los sitios web de estas. Resultados Se encontró que un 88 % de las escuelas de medicina certificadas por la COMAEM tienen contenido de geriatría. El contenido es obligatorio en un 99 % de los casos evaluados. Un 56 % de las escuelas imparten el contenido de manera exclusivamente teórica y 41 % de manera teórico-práctica. Un 7 % de los docentes que imparten el contenido, reportaron no tener ninguna formación en geriatría. Conclusiones Hay avances en la difusión de la información de geriatría. Las siguientes metas serán lograr la totalidad de las escuelas con contenido y buscar uniformidad en el mismo.

Abstract Introduction There are insufficient health care professionals with basic competencies for the adequate attention of the population of older adults in Mexico. One of the modifiable elements to improve this situation, are the educational interventions that could be implemented in formative years, however, there is a lack of current information regarding geriatrics training in the country. Objective To review and register if there is any content of geriatrics in the curriculum of medical programs of Mexican universities and to describe its characteristics to have a current report regarding the state of geriatrics’ education in Mexico. Method Descriptive study, with sample by convenience. A virtual survey was sent to all the medical schools who had current certification from the Mexican Counsel for the accreditation of medical education (COMAEM for the initials in Spanish). If the school failed to answer the survey, the missing information was obtained from the websites of the respective university. Results We found that 88 % of the medical schools with accreditation from the COMAEM included geriatrics and it was mandatory in 99 % of the cases. The content was given as a theoretical class in 56 % of the schools and as a theoretical and practical course in 41 % of the schools. A percentage of 7 % of the teachers in charge of the geriatrics course reported not having any formal training in geriatrics. Conclusions There is progress in the dissemination of geriatrics’ information. Next steps should include to achieve a totality of the schools with geriatrics’ content and to try and have some uniformity in the included information.

https://doi.org/10.22201/fm.20075057e.2023.48.23501

Infecciones asociadas a la atención de la salud posterior a procedimientos quirúrgicos en pacientes adultos: scoping review
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Espinosa-Moreno, Mario Fernando

; Chaverra-Perdomo, Lissy Carolina

; Torres-Restrepo, Juan Manuel

; Gutiérrez-Ramirez, David Ricardo

; Medina-Rojas, Rolando

Cirugía paraguaya

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Ago 2023, Volume 47 Nº 2 Páginas 28 - 33

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

SUMMARY Objective: To establish the infections associated with health care in surgically treated patients, without considering operative site (ISO) infections. Materials and methods: A search of the literature was performed in MEDLINE, CENTRAL, LILACS databases in addition to unpublished literature, identifying studies related to infections associated with health care in adult patients who underwent surgery. Results: In the search performed, 25 articles were selected, from which the results were extracted. The most frequent IAAS in the studies reviewed were: ventilator-associated pneumonia (36%), pneumonia associated with health care (32%), urinary tract infections by urinary catheter (48%), infections associated with venous catheter (8 %). Conclusion: Infections associated with health care in patients brought to surgical procedures, most frequently found are ventilator-associated pneumonia, pneumonia associated with health care, urinary tract infection by catheter and venous catheter-associated infections. However, they continue to generate questions, since ISO is the most documented, suggesting more studies and research.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Establecer las infecciones asociadas a la atención de la salud en pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente, sin tener en cuenta las infecciones del sitio operatorio (ISO). Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura en las bases de datos de MEDLINE, CENTRAL, LILACS además de la literatura gris, para identificar estudios relacionados con infecciones asociadas a la atención de la salud en pacientes adultos que fueron intervenidos quirúrgicamente. Resultados: En la búsqueda realizada se seleccionaron 25 artículos de los cuales se extrajeron los resultados. Las IAAS más frecuentes en los estudios revisados fueron: neumonía asociada al ventilador (36%), neumonía asociada al cuidado de la salud (32%), infecciones de tracto urinario por catéter urinario (48%), infecciones asociadas a catéter venoso (8%). Conclusión: Las infecciones asociadas a la atención de la salud frecuentemente encontradas en pacientes llevados a procedimientos quirúrgicos son la neumonía asociada al ventilador, neumonía asociada al cuidado de la salud, la infección del tracto urinario por catéter y las infecciones asociadas a catéter venoso, sin embargo, las infecciones de sitio operatorio (ISO) son las más documentadas, situación que requiere mayor atención y abordaje a través de otros estudios de investigación.

https://doi.org/10.18004/sopaci.2023.agosto.28

Utilidad del citoquímico urinario en cuidados intensivos, una herramienta olvidada
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Rico Fontalvo, Jorge

; Daza Arnedo, Rodrigo

; Gutiérrez Ariza, Juan

; Soto Guerrero, Oscar

; Suarez Romero, Beatriz

; Vásquez Jiménez, Ángel

; Rodelo, Dairo

; Díaz Suárez, Esteban

; Rodríguez Yánez, Tomas

; Ortiz Márquez, Valentina

; Vázquez-Jiménez, Lourdes Carolina

Anales de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas (Asunción)

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Ago 2023, Volume 56 Nº 2 Páginas 69 - 81

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT A urinary sediment is a tool used for years to characterize renal manifestations of primary and secondary diseases, which requires standardization and learning to interpret it. In patients admitted to the intensive care unit, it is often not performed, or several factors must be taken into account for its interpretation due to the patient's hemodynamic status, glomerular filtration, tubular excretion, water reabsorption, and solutes. In addition to the acid-base balance, which can vary significantly in critically ill patients with different pathophysiological conditions? A review of the conditions for the interpretation of urinalysis is presented.

RESUMEN El sedimento urinario es una herramienta utilizada hace tantos años para caracterizar manifestaciones renales de enfermedades primarias y secundarias, que es necesario realizar una estandarización y aprender a interpretar el mismo. En los pacientes ingresados a la unidad de cuidados intensivos, muchas veces no se realiza, o hay que tener en cuenta varios factores para su interpretación debido al estado hemodinámico del paciente a la filtración glomerular, la excreción tubular, la reabsorción de agua y los solutos además del equilibrio acido-base, los cuales pueden variar significativamente en pacientes en estado crítico con diferentes condiciones fisiopatológicas. Se presenta una revisión de las condiciones para la interpretación del urianálisis.

https://doi.org/10.18004/anales/2023.056.02.69

Bioprospecting in food production: an approximation of the current state in Colombia
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Cubides, Claudia

; Gutiérrez-Cortés, Carolina

; Suarez, Héctor

Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín

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Abr 2023, Volume 76 Nº 1 Páginas 10227 - 10246

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN La bioprospección microbiana es el estudio y clasificación de microorganismos con valor industrial. Diferentes investigaciones a nivel mundial se están enfocando en el estudio de moléculas naturales que pueden ser utilizadas para la medicina, la agricultura y el medio ambiente, entre otros. En Colombia, la bioprospección marina ha cobrado gran relevancia. Asimismo, diferentes universidades e institutos están trabajando en el estudio de la biodiversidad y sus aplicaciones. El objetivo de esta revisión fue recopilar las leyes y decretos más importantes relacionados con el uso de los recursos con fines comerciales. Asimismo, la elucidación del estado actual de la bioprospección en Colombia y las principales aplicaciones de los microorganismos en la cadena productiva de alimentos. El enfoque especial de esta revisión es mostrar el uso potencial de la bioprospección en el desarrollo agrícola del país para cambiar las prácticas convencionales a procesos ecológicos en la producción de alimentos. De esta manera, esta revisión propone la bioprospección de bacterias ácido-lácticas como una alternativa para utilizar su biomasa y metabolitos para la conservación de alimentos.

ABSTRACT Microbial bioprospecting is the study and classification of microorganisms with industrial value. Different researches word wide are focusing on the study of natural molecules that can be used for medicine, agriculture and the environment, among others. In Colombia, marine bioprospecting has become highly relevant. Also, different universities and institutes are working on the study of the biodiversity and its applications. The aim of this review was to compilate the most important laws and decrees related with the use of the resources with commercial purposes. Also, the elucidation of the current state of bioprospecting in Colombia and the principal applications of microorganisms in the food production chain. The special focus of this review is to show the potential use of bioprospection on agricultural development of the country in order to change the conventional practices to eco-friendly process in food production. Also, this review proposes the bioprospecting of lactic acid bacteria as an alternative to use their biomass and metabolites for food preservation.

https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v76n1.101705

A commentary on "Surgical results of Hartmann procedure in emergency cases with the left-sided colorectal cancer"
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Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, María Manuela

; Santa-Gil, Valentina

; Lozada-Martínez, Ivan David

; Díaz-Rivera, María Carolina

Cirugía y cirujanos

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Fev 2023, Volume 91 Nº 1 Páginas 141 - 142

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.24875/ciru.21000479

Implementación de una jornada virtual de telesalud y capacitación masiva para personas mayores chilenas y estudiantes de la salud. Impacto en la cobertura
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Gutiérrez, Myriam

; Mauro, Jorge

; Asecio, Javiera

; Acevedo, Fabrizio

; Herrada, Javiera

; Torres, Constanza

; Delgado, Carolina

; Fasce, Gerardo

Revista médica de Chile

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Fev 2023, Volume 151 Nº 1 Páginas 61 - 71

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Background: Aging increases the vulnerability to diseases and environmental changes such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Telehealth and tele-education are vital to prevent the deleterious effects of prolonged confinement, and to train the community, and constantly rotating medical students and health professionals. Aim: To assess the perception and impact of an online course about healthy aging aimed at the community and health care professionals. Material and Methods: An open online one-day course to promote healthy aging was carried out. A cross-sectional online survey about the course was answered by 386 attendants and a knowledge test was applied to 114 people. Results: Seventy-five percent of respondents attended the course synchronously. Of these, 79% were women, 20% were older people and 53% were caregivers of an older person. All respondents acquired new knowledge and were willing to participate again. The frequency of interest about self-care is three times greater than about caring for another person, In an older person, the interest is 101 more times about self-care than caring for another person. Ninety five percent of respondents felt more active and 84% felt more accompanied. Conclusions: The course facilitated access to information on the promotion of active and healthy aging in the community with a favorable perception and a positive impact. The coverage for older people with a digital gap should be improved.

https://doi.org/10.4067/s0034-98872023000100061

Estudio espacializado del decaimiento de la vid en cuarteles Cabernet Sauvignon y Chardonnay*
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Farías Muñoz, Karen

; Pañitrur De la Fuente, Carolina

; Gutiérrez-Gamboa, Gastón

; Araya-Alman, Miguel

; Verdugo-Vásquez, Nicolás

; Acevedo-Opazo, César

; Lolas, Mauricio

; Valdés-Gómez, Héctor

RIVAR (Santiago)

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Jan 2023, Volume 10 Nº 28 Páginas 1 - 12

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Las enfermedades fúngicas de la madera de la vid (EMVs) están entre los problemas fitosanitarios más dañinos en la industria vitivinícola; entre los principales síntomas observados en campo destaca una reducción drástica de la productividad, calidad y longevidad de los viñedos. Determinamos la distribución espacial y la incidencia y severidad del decaimiento por Botryosphaeria en cinco cuarteles Cabernet Sauvignon y tres de Chardonnay podadas pitón y cargador, respectivamente. Las mediciones se efectuaron planta por planta y cada punto de muestreo fue georreferenciado usando un DGPS. Por otro lado, se determinó el potencial de xilema de las vides en tres mediciones durante la temporada. El decaimiento de la vid presentó una importante variabilidad a nivel intra-predial en Cabernet Sauvignon y la severidad se expresa de forma radial; la incidencia de la enfermedad en Chardonnay tendió a encontrarse hacia un lado de los cuarteles. A su vez, la incidencia y la severidad de la enfermedad fue mayor en los cuarteles Cabernet Sauvignon que en los de Chardonnay (43% y 13% de plantas afectadas, respectivamente). De acuerdo con el potencial de xilema, las vides Cabernet Sauvignon estuvieron sometidas a mayor nivel de estrés hídrico que las vides Chardonnay a lo largo del estudio. Es posible sugerir que existe una respuesta varietal a la enfermedad y que la poda y el estrés hídrico pueden aumentar la susceptibilidad de las vides a las enfermedades de la madera asociadas a especies de la familia Botryosphaeriaceae.

Abstract Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) are one of the most damaging phytosanitary problems in the wine industry. The main symptoms observed in the vineyard are a drastic reduction in productivity, quality, and longevity of the vines. Spatial distribution, and incidence and severity of GTDs was determined in five Cabernet Sauvignon and three Chardonnay vineyards pruned in spurs and canes, respectively. Measurements were made plant by plant and each sampling point was georeferenced using a DGPS. On the other hand, the stem water potential was determined on vines in three measurements during the season. GTDs presented an important variability at the intra-farm level mostly in Cabernet Sauvignon, and disease severity was expressed radially. The incidence of the disease in Chardonnay tended to be towards one side of the vineyards. The incidence and severity of the disease was higher in the Cabernet Sauvignon (42% of plants affected) than in Chardonnay (13% of plants affected). Cabernet Sauvignon vines were subjected to a higher level of water stress than the Chardonnay vines throughout the growing season based onto stem water potential values. We can suggest that there is varietal response to GTDs and pruning and water stress can increase the susceptibility of vines to GTDs.

https://doi.org/10.35588/rivar.v10i28.5027

Phenolic composition of jussara (Euterpe edulisMartius) from Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo, Brazil, determined by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS)
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Dadalto, Carolina Tatagiba da Rocha

; Hermosín-Gutiérrez, Isidro

; Pérez-Navarro, José

; Ojeda-Amador, Rosa Maria

; Gómez-Alonso, Sergio

; Stringheta, Paulo César

; Paula, Daniele de Almeida

; Pinto, Marcos Roberto Moacir Ribeiro

; Ramos, Afonso Mota

Ciência Rural

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2023, Volume 53 Nº 7 elocation e20210900

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a composição fenólica da polpa de Jussara dos Estados brasileiros de Minas Gerais (MG) e Espírito Santo (ES) usando HPLC-DAD-MS / MS. Dezessete antocianinas foram detectadas, dentre elas, derivadas de cianidina, pelargonidina e peonidina. Dentre os compostos fenólicos não antociânicos, foram identificados flavonóis (derivados de caempferol, quercetina e isorhamnetina), flavan-3-ols (catequina, epicatequina, procianidinas do tipo B e dímeros desconhecidos) e resveratrol em sua forma glicosilada. Catequina (32,41-60,56 mg 100g-1) e epicatequina (18,86-40,92 mg 100g-1) foram os principais flavan-3-óis presentes nas frutas. As amostras apresentaram pequenas concentrações de glicosídeos resveratrol (0,02-0,91 mg 100g-1). A metodologia analítica utilizada (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS / MS) permitiu a identificação de novos compostos relatados presentes na composição da polpa de Jussara.

ABSTRACT: This research assessed the phenolic composition of Jussara pulp from the Brazilian states of Minas Gerais (MG) and Espírito Santo (ES) using HPLC-DAD-MS/MS. Seventeen anthocyanins were detected in fruits, derived from cyanidin, pelargonidin and peonidin. Among the non-anthocyanic phenolic compounds, flavonols (kaempferol, quercetin and isorhamnetin derivatives), flavan-3-ols (catechin, epicatechin, B-type procyanidins and unknown dimers) and resveratrol in its glycosylated form have been identified. Catechin (32.41-60.56 mg 100g-1) and epicatechin (18.86-40.92 mg 100g-1) were the main flavan-3-ols present in the fruits. The samples showed small concentrations of resveratrol glycosides (0.02-0.91 mg 100g-1). The analytical methodology used (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS) permitted the identification of newly reported compounds in this fruit.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210900

10.

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) temporally related to COVID-19: the experience at a pediatric reference hospital in Colombia
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Lozano-Espinosa, Diego Alejandro

; Camacho-Moreno, Germán

; López-Cubillos, Juan Francisco

; Díaz-Maldonado, Adriana Soraya

; León-Guerra, Oscar Javier

; Galvis-Trujillo, Diego Mauricio

; Sanguino-Lobo, Roy

; Arévalo-Leal, Oscar Guillermo

; del Castillo, Ana María Eraso-Díaz

; Reina-Ávila, María Fernanda

; Cárdenas-Hernández, Vicky Carolina

; Ivankovich-Escoto, Gabriela

; Tremoulet, Adriana H

; Ulloa-Gutiérrez, Rolando

Revista Paulista de Pediatria

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2023, Volume 41 elocation e2021267

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever as características clínicas e os diferentes fenótipos de crianças com síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica na criança temporalmente relacionada com a COVID-19 (do inglês multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children — MIS-C) e avaliar as condições de risco que favorecem a maior gravidade da doença durante um período de 12 meses em um hospital pediátrico de referência na Colômbia. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de 12 meses de observação de crianças menores de 18 anos que cumprem os critérios para o MIS-C. Resultados: Vinte e oito crianças foram apresentadas com os critérios do MIS-C. A idade média era de sete anos, e 54% eram do sexo masculino. Para além da febre (100%) (com início quatro dias antes da admissão), as características clínicas mais frequentes eram gastrointestinais (86%) e mucocutâneas (61%). Quatorze crianças (50%) apresentavam sintomas semelhantes aos de Kawasaki. As anomalias ecocardiográficas mais frequentes foram derrame pericárdico (64%), envolvimento valvar (68%), disfunção ventricular (39%) e anomalias coronárias (29%). Tinham linfopenia 75% das crianças. Todas tinham algum teste de coagulação anormal. A maioria recebeu imunoglobulina intravenosa (89%), glucocorticoides (82%), vasopressores (54%) e antibióticos (64%). Tiveram envolvimento mais grave 61% dos pacientes, que precisaram ser internados em unidade de terapia intensiva (mediana de quatro dias, média de seis dias); os preditores de gravidade foram pacientes com fenótipo inflamatório/ MIS-C (odds ratio — OR 26,5; intervalo de confiança — IC95% 1,4–503,7; p=0,029) e erupção cutânea (OR 14,7; IC95% 1,2–178,7; p=0,034). Dois pacientes (7%) apresentavam síndrome de ativação macrofágica. Conclusões: Alteração da artéria coronária, disfunção ventricular e internação na unidade de terapia intensiva foram frequentes, o que nos alerta sobre a importância da suspeita clínica precoce.

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and the different phenotypes of children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) temporally related to COVID-19 and to evaluate the risk conditions that favored a greater severity of the disease during a 12-month period at a pediatric reference hospital in Colombia. Methods: A 12-month retrospective observational study of children under the age of 18 years who met criteria for MIS-C. Results: A total of 28 children presented MIS-C criteria. The median age was 7 years. Other than fever (100%) (onset 4 days prior to admission), the most frequent clinical features were gastrointestinal (86%) and mucocutaneous (61%). Notably, 14 (50%) children had Kawasaki-like symptoms. The most frequent echocardiographic abnormalities were pericardial effusion (64%), valvular involvement (68%), ventricular dysfunction (39%), and coronary artery abnormalities (29%). In addition, 75% had lymphopenia. All had at least one abnormal coagulation test. Most received intravenous immunoglobulin (89%), glucocorticoids (82%), vasopressors (54%), and antibiotics (64%). Notably, 61% had a more severe form of the disease and were admitted to an intensive care unit (median 4 days, mean 6 days); the severity predictors were patients with the inflammatory/MIS-C phenotype (OR 26.5; 95%CI 1.40–503.7; p=0.029) and rash (OR 14.7; 95%CI 1.2–178.7; p=0.034). Two patients had macrophage activation syndrome. Conclusions: Coronary artery abnormalities, ventricular dysfunction, and intensive care unit admission were frequent, which needs to highlight the importance of early clinical suspicion.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/2023/41/2021267

11.

DNA sequencing in the classroom: complete genome sequence of two earwig (Dermaptera; Insecta) species
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Kobayashi, Sanae

; Maldonado, Jonathan E.

; Gaete, Alexis

; Araya, Ingrid

; Aguado-Norese, Constanza

; Cumplido, Nicolás

; Díaz, Sebastián

; Espinoza, Alonso

; Fernández, Edelmira

; Gajardo, Felipe

; González-Ordenes, Felipe

; Hauyon, Khantati

; Maldonado, Piedad

; Maldonado, Rodrigo

; Pochet, Isabel

; Riveros, Aníbal

; Sandoval, Paula

; Sepúlveda-González, Ailynne

; Stuardo, Camila

; Tapia-Reyes, Patricio

; Thornton, Carolina

; Undurraga, Soledad

; Varas, Macarena

; Valdivieso, Camilo

; Gutiérrez, Rodrigo A.

; Orellana, Ariel

; Montecino, Martín

; Maass, Alejandro

; González, Mauricio

; Allende, Miguel L.

; Hodar, Christian

; Irles, Paula

Biological Research

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2023, Volume 56 elocation 6

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Despite representing the largest fraction of animal life, the number of insect species whose genome has been sequenced is barely in the hundreds. The order Dermaptera (the earwigs) suffers from a lack of genomic information despite its unique position as one of the basally derived insect groups and its importance in agroecosystems. As part of a national educational and outreach program in genomics, a plan was formulated to engage the participation of high school students in a genome sequencing project. Students from twelve schools across Chile were instructed to capture earwig specimens in their geographical area, to identify them and to provide material for genome sequencing to be carried out by themselves in their schools. Results The school students collected specimens from two cosmopolitan earwig species: Euborellia annulipes (Fam. Anisolabididae) and Forficula auricularia (Fam. Forficulidae). Genomic DNA was extracted and, with the help of scientific teams that traveled to the schools, was sequenced using nanopore sequencers. The sequence data obtained for both species was assembled and annotated. We obtained genome sizes of 1.18 Gb (F. auricularia) and 0.94 Gb (E. annulipes) with the number of predicted protein coding genes being 31,800 and 40,000, respectively. Our analysis showed that we were able to capture a high percentage (≥ 93%) of conserved proteins indicating genomes that are useful for comparative and functional analysis. We were also able to characterize structural elements such as repetitive sequences and non-coding RNA genes. Finally, functional categories of genes that are overrepresented in each species suggest important differences in the process underlying the formation of germ cells, and modes of reproduction between them, features that are one of the distinguishing biological properties that characterize these two distant families of Dermaptera. Conclusions This work represents an unprecedented instance where the scientific and lay community have come together to collaborate in a genome sequencing project. The versatility and accessibility of nanopore sequencers was key to the success of the initiative. We were able to obtain full genome sequences of two important and widely distributed species of insects which had not been analyzed at this level previously. The data made available by the project should illuminate future studies on the Dermaptera.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40659-023-00414-9

12.

Coletivos organizados, ativismo social e narrativas da pandemia em territórios vulneráveis na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Gutiérrez, Adriana Coser

; Campos, Gastão Wagner de Sousa

; Cunha, Marcela Silva da

; Mattos, Mauricio Pereira de

; Costa, Patricia dos Santos da

; Silva, Rafaela Oliveira Lopes da

; Pereira, Ana Carolina dos Santos Rangel

; Campos, Adilson Rocha

; Guerra, Cyntia Amorim

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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2023, Volume 28 Nº 12 Páginas 3533 - 3542

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil atingiu níveis alarmantes. Na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, ela encontrou um cenário de desmonte da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) em meio à uma crise política, o que teve grande impacto nos territórios de maior vulnerabilidade. O objetivo desse estudo é analisar de que forma as favelas e equipes da APS organizaram-se para desenvolver ações comunitárias, ocupando espaços deixados pela falta de outras políticas públicas. Os resultados fazem parte da pesquisa qualitativa multicêntrica “Estratégias de abordagem dos aspectos subjetivos e sociais na Atenção Primária no contexto da pandemia”, onde foram analisados documentos orientadores públicos e 36 entrevistas em profundidade com trabalhadores e usuários da APS, organizadas em grades interpretativas. Como resultado, observou-se que houve iniciativas cogestoras dos trabalhadores e usuários da APS, a partir do surgimento de coletivos organizados e ativismo social, para o enfrentamento da pandemia, independente das normativas da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde e demais instâncias governamentais. A APS se apresentou como único equipamento público nos territórios de alta vulnerabilidade, onde a violência armada esteve presente mesmo durante a pandemia.

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has reached alarming levels in Brazil. In Rio de Janeiro city, it arrived in a scenario in which Primary Health Care (PHC) was being dismantled in the midst of a political crisis, which had major impact on the most vulnerable territories. This study examined how favelas and PHC teams organised community-based action and occupy the vacuum left by the lack of public policies. The results form part of the multi-centre qualitative study “Strategies for approaching subjective and social aspects of Primary Care in the pandemic context”, using public guidance documents and 36 in-depth interviews of PHC workers and users, which were categorised into interpretive grids. Co-management initiatives by PHC workers and users were found to have arisen out of organised groups and social activism, to face the pandemic, independently of regulations from the Municipal Health Department and other government bodies. PHC figured as the only public facility in highly vulnerable territories, where armed violence was ongoing even during the pandemic.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320232812.04812023

13.

Investigação sobre Atenção Primária durante a pandemia em territórios vulneráveis de Campinas, São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Campos, Adilson Rocha

; Campos, Gastão Wagner de Sousa

; Gutiérrez, Adriana Coser

; Costa, Patricia dos Santos da

; Anéas, Tatiana de Vasconcelos

; Rosa-Cómitre, Ana Carolina Diniz

; Nahoum, Joyce Alves

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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2023, Volume 28 Nº 12 Páginas 3461 - 3470

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A pandemia de COVID-19 encontrou no Brasil um campo propício para sua propagação. A falta de coordenação de ações do governo federal, em conjunto com uma Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) já fragilizada trouxe consequências para trabalhadores e usuários. O objetivo é analisar a gestão e o processo de trabalho na APS no enfrentamento à pandemia da COVID-19 em 3 municípios, considerando o processo histórico de sua constituição, a relação com o SUS e a APS e o ativismo social em territórios vulneráveis, a partir da percepção de usuários e trabalhadores. Foi realizada busca bibliográfica, observação participante e 97 entrevistas em profundidade com trabalhadores e usuários da APS. Os resultados foram organizados em 4 eixos: Implantação e gestão da APS nos municípios; Processo de trabalho na APS; Percepção dos trabalhadores e usuários em relação à APS e o SUS; Territórios, coletivos organizados e ativismo social. Os trabalhadores enfrentaram um ambiente de medo, sobrecarga e mudanças no processo de trabalho, o que não os impediu de resistir e reinventar suas práticas. Os usuários conviveram com barreiras de acesso e dificuldades no cumprimento de medidas sanitárias, mas foram encontradas experiências de coletivos organizados que surgiram como forma de enfrentamento à pandemia.

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic found favourable conditions to spread in Brazil. A lack of coordinated action by the federal government, together with already weak Primary Health Care (PHC) had consequences for workers and users. This study examined PHC management and work process in response the COVID-19 pandemic in three municipalities, in view of the history of how PHC was set up, its relationship with the national public health system (SUS), and PHC and social activism in vulnerable territories, from the perceptions of users and workers. The study included a literature search, participant observation and 97 in-depth interviews of PHC workers and users. The results were organised into four areas: PHC implementation and management in the municipalities; the PHC work process; workers’ and users’ perceptions of PHC and the SUS; and territories, organised groups and social activism. Workers faced an environment of fear, overwork and changes in their work process, none of which prevented them from persisting and reinventing their practice. Users encountered barriers to access and difficulties in complying with public health measures, but the study found experiences of organised groups that emerged as means of coping with the pandemic.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320232812.07772023

14.

Nivel de conocimiento de antioxidantes y su relación con el estilo de vida
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Gutiérrez-Ramos, Miriam Elizabeth

; Rodriguez-Saavedra, Lennin Roswell

; Alva-Plasencia, Pedro Marcelo

; Abanto-Zamora, Francisco Moisés

; Chávez-Abanto, Luis Alberto

; Saavedra-Suárez, Segundo Francisco

Memorias del Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud

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2023, Volume 21 Nº 1 elocation e21122302

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN El presente estudio tiene por objetivo determinar el nivel de conocimiento respecto a los antioxidantes y su relación con el estilo de vida. Estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal con la participación de 392 pobladores de la ciudad de Trujillo, que dieron respuesta a dos cuestionarios: uno para determinar el nivel de conocimiento respecto a los antioxidantes elaborado por la Dra. Carolina González, nutrióloga de la Clínica Alemana, que consta de cinco preguntas relacionadas a los antioxidantes y el cuestionario de estilo de vida promueve la salud elaborado por Walker, Sechrist y Pender, y modificado por Delgado, R; Reyna E y Diaz, R constituido por 25 preguntas, obteniendo información sobre conocimiento de antioxidantes y alimentación, ejercicio y actividad, estrés. Con los datos obtenidos se obtuvo la calificación respectiva y la escala de puntuación saludable y no saludable y si tiene conocimiento o no. De las encuestas procesadas, se evidenció mayor porcentaje de pobladores que no tenían conocimiento de antioxidantes 222 (56.64%) con predominio de los jóvenes 141 (35.97%), así como de un estilo de vida no saludable 285 (72.71%). Se presentó una relación entre nivel de conocimiento de antioxidantes y sexo, con la edad no hubo relación. Además, no hubo relación entre las variables sexo y edad con estilo de vida, teniendo en cuenta que si P > 0.05 no hay relación o diferencia significativa. Finalmente podemos concluir que la población en estudio no tenía conocimiento sobre antioxidantes y estilo de vida no adecuado.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the level of knowledge about antioxidants and their relationship with lifestyle. A descriptive, cross-sectional study with the participation of 392 inhabitants of the city of Trujillo, who responded to two questionnaires: one to determine the level of knowledge about antioxidants prepared by Dr. Carolina Gonzalez, a nutritionist from Clínica Alemana, consisting of five questions related to antioxidants, and the other questionnaire of lifestyle promotes health elaborated by Walker, Sechrist and Pender, and modified by Delgado, R; Reyna E and Diaz, R constituted by 25 questions, obtaining information on knowledge of antioxidants and nutrition, exercise and activity, stress. With the obtained data the respective qualification and the healthy and unhealthy score scale and has knowledge or not was obtained. From the processed surveys, there was evidence of a higher percentage of people who had no knowledge of antioxidants 222 (56.64%) with a predominance of young people 141 (35.97%), as well as an unhealthy lifestyle 285 (72.71%). There was a relationship between the level of antioxidant knowledge and sex but there was no relationship with respect to age. In addition, there was no relationship between the variables sex and age with lifestyle, taking into account that if P > 0.05 there is no relationship or significant difference. Finally, we can conclude that the study population had no knowledge of antioxidants and inadequate lifestyle.

https://doi.org/10.18004/mem.iics/1812-9528/2023.e21122302

15.

Investigação sobre Atenção Primária durante a pandemia em territórios vulneráveis de Campinas, São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Campos, Adilson Rocha

; Campos, Gastão Wagner de Sousa

; Gutiérrez, Adriana Coser

; Costa, Patricia dos Santos da

; Anéas, Tatiana de Vasconcelos

; Rosa-Cómitre, Ana Carolina Diniz

; Nahoum, Joyce Alves

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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2023, Volume 28 Nº 12 Páginas 3461 - 3470

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320232812.07772023

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